Acute and Critical Care

Original Articles

Trauma
Selection of appropriate reference creatinine estimate for acute kidney injury diagnosis in patients with severe trauma: Kangho Lee, Dongyeon Ryu, Hohyun Kim, Sungjin Park, Sangbong Lee, Chanik Park, Gilhwan Kim, Sunhyun Kim, Nahyeon Lee; Acute Crit Care. 2023;38(1):95-103. Published online February 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2022.01046

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Abstract PDF: Background
In patients with severe trauma, the diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) is important because it is a predictive factor for poor prognosis and can affect patient care. The diagnosis and staging of AKI are based on change in serum creatinine (SCr) levels from baseline. However, baseline creatinine levels in patients with traumatic injuries are often unknown, making the diagnosis of AKI in trauma patients difficult. This study aimed to enhance the accuracy of AKI diagnosis in trauma patients by presenting an appropriate reference creatinine estimate (RCE). Methods: We reviewed adult patients with severe trauma requiring intensive care unit admission between 2015 and 2019 (n=3,228) at a single regional trauma center in South Korea. AKI was diagnosed based on the current guideline published by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes organization. AKI was determined using the following RCEs: estimated SCr75-modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), trauma MDRD (TMDRD), admission creatinine level, and first-day creatinine nadir. We assessed inclusivity, prognostic ability, and incrementality using the different RCEs. Results: The incidence of AKI varied from 15% to 46% according to the RCE used. The receiver operating characteristic curve of TMDRD used to predict mortality and the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) had the highest value and was statistically significant (0.797, P<0.001; 0.890, P=0.002, respectively). In addition, the use of TMDRD resulted in a mortality prognostic ability and the need for RRT was incremental with AKI stage. Conclusions: In this study, TMDRD was feasible as a RCE, resulting in optimal post-traumatic AKI diagnosis and prognosis.

Infection
Validation of presepsin measurement for mortality prediction of sepsis: a preliminary study: Seung Min Baik, Jin Park, Tae Yoon Kim, Se Hong Choi, Kyung Sook Hong; Acute Crit Care. 2022;37(4):527-532. Published online August 19, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2022.00150

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Background
Sepsis and septic shock remain the leading causes of death in critically ill patients worldwide. Various biomarkers are available to determine the prognosis and therapeutic effects of sepsis. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of presepsin as a sepsis biomarker. Methods: Patients admitted to the intensive care unit with major or minor diagnosis of sepsis were categorized into survival and non-survival groups. The white blood cell count and serum C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and presepsin levels were measured in all patients. Results: The study included 40 patients (survival group, 32; non-survival group, 8; mortality rate, 20%). The maximum serum presepsin levels measured during intensive care unit admission were significantly higher in the non-survival group (median [interquartile range]: 4,205.5 pg/ml [1,155.8–10,094.0] vs. 741.5 pg/ml [520.0–1,317.5], P<0.05). No statistically significant intergroup differences were observed in the maximum, minimum, and mean values of the white blood cell count, as well as serum C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin levels. Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve, the area under the curve for presepsin as a predictor of sepsis mortality was 0.764. At a cut-off value of 1,898.5 pg/ml, the sensitivity and specificity of presepsin for prediction of sepsis-induced mortality were 75.0% and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Early diagnosis of sepsis and prediction of sepsis-induced mortality are important for prompt initiation of treatment. Presepsin may serve as an effective biomarker for prediction of sepsis-induced mortality and for evaluation of treatment effectiveness.

Citations

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The Potential Role of Presepsin in Predicting Severe Infection in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Eun Yeong Ha, Il Rae Park, Seung Min Chung, Young Nam Roh, Chul Hyun Park, Tae-Gon Kim, Woong Kim, Jun Sung Moon
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(8): 2311. CrossRef

Ethics
Decision-making regarding withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and the role of intensivists in the intensive care unit: a single-center study: Seo In Lee, Kyung Sook Hong, Jin Park, Young-Joo Lee; Acute Crit Care. 2020;35(3):179-188. Published online August 10, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2020.00136

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Abstract PDF

Background
This study examined the experience of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment in patients hospitalized in the intensive care units (ICUs) of a tertiary care center. It also considers the role that intensivists play in the decision-making process regarding the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 227 patients who decided to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment while hospitalized at Ewha Womans University Medical Center Mokdong between April 9 and December 31, 2018.
Results
The 227 hospitalized patients included in the analysis withheld or withdrew from life-sustaining treatment. The department in which life-sustaining treatment was withheld or withdrawn most frequently was hemato-oncology (26.4%). Among these patients, the most common diagnosis was gastrointestinal tract cancer (29.1%). A majority of patients (64.3%) chose not to receive any life-sustaining treatment. Of the 80 patients in the ICU, intensivists participated in the decision to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment in 34 cases. There were higher proportions of treatment withdrawal and ICU-to-ward transfers among the cases in whom intensivists participated in decision making compared to those cases in whom intensivists did not participate (50.0% vs. 4.3% and 52.9% vs. 19.6%, respectively).
Conclusions
Through their participation in end-of-life discussions, intensivists can help patients’ families to make decisions about withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment and possibly avoiding futile treatments for these patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with do-not-resuscitate and physician orders for life-sustaining treatment in a medical intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study
Song-I Lee, Ye-Rin Ju, Da Hyun Kang, Jeong Eun Lee
BMC Palliative Care.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of the end-of-life decisions of patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia after the enforcement of the life-sustaining treatment decision act in Korea
Ae-Rin Baek, Sang-Bum Hong, Soohyun Bae, Hye Kyeong Park, Changhwan Kim, Hyun-Kyung Lee, Woo Hyun Cho, Jin Hyoung Kim, Youjin Chang, Heung Bum Lee, Hyun-Il Gil, Beomsu Shin, Kwang Ha Yoo, Jae Young Moon, Jee Youn Oh, Kyung Hoon Min, Kyeongman Jeon, Moon S
BMC Medical Ethics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Dying in the ICU
Isabel Schulmeyer, Markus A. Weigand, Monika Heinzel-Gutenbrunner, Marco Gruss
Die Anaesthesiologie.2022; 71(12): 930. CrossRef
Changes in the incidence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation before and after implementation of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Act
Hyunjae Im, Hyun Woo Choe, Seung-Young Oh, Ho Geol Ryu, Hannah Lee
Acute and Critical Care.2022; 37(2): 237. CrossRef
Factors Influencing the Initiative Behavior of Intensive Care Unit Nurses toward End-of-Life Decision Making: A Cross-Sectional Study
Jingying Huang, Haiou Qi, Yiting Zhu, Minyan Zhang
Journal of Palliative Medicine.2022; 25(12): 1802. CrossRef
Analysis of high-intensity care in intensive care units and its cost at the end of life among older people in South Korea between 2016 and 2019: a cross-sectional study of the health insurance review and assessment service national patient sample database
Yunji Lee, Minjeong Jo, Taehwa Kim, Kyoungsun Yun
BMJ Open.2021; 11(8): e049711. CrossRef

Letter to the Editor

Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome after Hypovolemic Shock Which Is Required Differential Diagnosis with Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: Seo In Lee, Gyeong Seon Choi, Jin Park, Young-Joo Lee, Kyung Sook Hong; Acute Crit Care. 2018;33(4):282-285. Published online November 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2018.00262

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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a child following hypovolemic shock: a case report
Yuvraj Adhikari, Satkirti Bista, Sammridhi Karmacharya, Binit Upadhaya Regmi, Anupama Marasini, Anisha Basukala, Shakar Bhandari, Krishna Ghimire, Ram Chandra Subedi
Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2023; 85(11): 5682. CrossRef
Clinical features and prognostic analysis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children
Ting Deng, Xinyu Zhang, Xiaoling Peng, Hailun Peng, Ling He, Yue Hu
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience.2022; 82(4): 349. CrossRef

Case Reports

Toxicology
Management of Cyanide Intoxication with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Jin Park, Seung-Yeob Lee, Hyun-Sik Choi, Yoon Hee Choi, Young-Joo Lee; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2015;30(3):218-221. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2015.30.3.218

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Abstract PDF

Cyanide intoxication results in severe metabolic acidosis and catastrophic prognosis with conventional treatment. Indications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are expanding to poisoning cases. A 50-year-old male patient arrived in the emergency room due to mental change after ingestion of cyanide as a suicide attempt 30 minutes prior. He was comatose, and brain stem reflexes were absent. Initial laboratory analysis demonstrated severe metabolic acidosis with increased lactic acid of 25 mM/L. Shock and acidosis were not corrected despite a large amount of fluid resuscitation with high-dose norepinephrine and continuous renal replacement therapy. We decided to apply ECMO and CRRT to allow time for stabilization of hemodynamic status. After administration of antidote infusion, although the patient had the potential to progress to brain death status, vital signs were improved with correction of acidosis. We considered the evaluation for organ donation. We report a male patient who showed typical cyanide intoxication as lethal metabolic acidosis and cardiac impairment, and the patient recovered after antidote administration during vital organ support through ECMO and CRRT.

Citations

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Cyanogenic glycoside amygdalin influences functions of human osteoblasts in vitro
Radoslav Omelka, Veronika Kovacova, Vladimira Mondockova, Birgit Grosskopf, Adriana Kolesarova, Monika Martiniakova
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B.2021; 56(2): 109. CrossRef

Cardiology/Pulmonary
Massive Hemoptysis due to Acute Mitral Regurgitation with Sporadic Primary Mitral Valve Prolapse: Won Young Chae, Sun Jin Park, Chi Woo Song, Byoung Hoon Lee, Sang Hoon Kim, Jae Hyung Lee; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2015;30(3):202-206. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2015.30.3.202

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Abstract PDF

The most common cardiac cause of massive hemoptysis is mitral stenosis. Mitral regurgitation is rarely complicated by massive hemoptysis. A 48-year-old man with no significant medical history was admitted to our hospital with hemoptysis and production of 500 mL of blood within 24 hours. A pan-systolic murmur was found on chest examination. A chest computed tomography showed airspace consolidation in the right upper and middle lobes, with faint bilateral ground glass opacity. Echocardiography revealed mitral valve prolapse and grade IV mitral regurgitation. The patient was diagnosed with sporadic primary mitral valve prolapse. After mitral valve repair surgery, the patient recovered fully.

Citations

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Hemoptysis and Unilateral Pulmonary Infiltrates due to Severe Acute Mitral Regurgitation from Papillary Muscle Rupture
Joanna Wieckowska, Nicholas Diloreto, Shannon Hood, Isabella Chojnacki, Dalia Zakri, Antonio Corrado
Case Reports in Pulmonology.2024; 2024: 1. CrossRef
Surgically‐treated hemoptysis and alveolar hemorrhaging resulting from severe mitral regurgitation: A case report
Daisuke Yamaguchi, Toshiya Tokui, Takahiro Narukawa, Masahiko Murakami, Tomotake Sekoguchi, Ryosai Inoue, Koji Hirano, Yasumi Maze, Hisato Ito
Clinical Case Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Acute mitral valve regurgitation causing severe alveolar hemorrhage
Ayaka Sakamoto, Yuki Enomoto, Hiroaki Watabe, Yasuaki Koyama, Yukei Matsumoto, Nobutake Shimojo, Aiki Marushima, Satoru Kawano, Yoshiaki Inoue
Acute Medicine & Surgery.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Man With Sudden Dyspnea and Hemoptysis
Naoki Kawakami, Rina Kato, Chushu Liu, Kazuhiko Takahashi, Yoko Wakai, Kazuhito Saito
Annals of Emergency Medicine.2020; 75(5): 668. CrossRef

Original Articles

Effect of Admission Time to the Medical Intensive Care Unit on Acute Critical Patient Outcomes: Taejin Park, Sang Bum Hong, Chae Man Lim, Younsuck Koh; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2010;25(2):71-75.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2010.25.2.71

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The initial management of acute critical patients is important. However, not all hospital facilities and staff are available during off-duty time. We determined the effects of intensive care unit (ICU) admission time on patient outcomes.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a 28-bed medical ICU in 1 tertiary university hospital. Patients who were admitted between 1 March 2009 and 31 August 2009 were divided according to the time of admission into the "duty time group" (9 AM-5 PM on weekdays) and the "off-duty time group" (5 PM-9 AM on weekdays and at any time on weekends). The baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between these two groups. The primary endpoint of this study was hospital mortality; the secondary endpoints were ICU mortality and length of ICU stay, hospital length of stay, and mechanical ventilation time.
RESULTS
Two hundred eight (64.8%) of 321 enrolled patients were admitted during off-duty time. The baseline characteristics between the 2 groups were not significantly different. Hospital mortality was 37 (32.7%) in the "duty time group" and 82 (38.4%) in the "off-duty time group" (p = 0.237). There were no significant differences in secondary endpoints between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Off-duty time admission to the ICU had no effect on hospital and ICU mortality, length of hospital and ICU stay, and mechanical ventilation time compared to duty time admission.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Partners In Health Scale (PIH-K)
Mi-Kyeong Jeon, Jung-Won Ahn, Yeon-Hwan Park, Mi-Kyoung Lee
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2019; 12(2): 1. CrossRef
Analysis of Risk Factors to Predict Intensive Care Unit Transfer in Medical in-Patients
Ju Ry Lee, Hye Ran Choi
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2014; 16(4): 259. CrossRef
Usefulness of Screening Criteria System Used by Medical Alert Team in a General Hospital
Hyejin Joo, So Hee Park, Sang-Bum Hong, Chae-Man Lim, Younsuck Koh, Young Seok Lee, Jin Won Huh
Korean Journal of Critical Care Medicine.2012; 27(3): 151. CrossRef

Hemodynamic and intrapulmonary shunt effects of dobutamine/adenosine triphosphate and dobutamine/sodium nitroprusside infusion: Gyoung Yub Rhee, Seung Gyun Oh, Kyung Yeon Yoo, Chan Jin Park; Korean J Crit Care Med. 1991;6(1):13-25.

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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